I. Accelerated mechanical damage:
Hydraulic system oil temperature rises abnormally by 15–20°C, leading to decreased oil viscosity, aging of seals, and increased risk of leakage.
Vibration bearing life is shortened by 30%–50% due to prolonged exposure to excessive loads, resulting in accelerated fatigue wear.
Microscopic cracks appear in steel wheel welds, and fatigue accumulation in the metal structure may trigger sudden fracture accidents.
Under overload conditions, the engine is prone to problems such as black smoke and insufficient power; in severe cases, it may lead to cylinder scoring or bearing seizure.
II. Increased safety risks at the construction site: Overloading alters the equipment's center of gravity characteristics, increasing braking distance by 1.5–2 times when operating on slopes, and slowing emergency braking response.
Steering control response is delayed by 0.5–1 second, affecting operational accuracy and increasing the risk of collisions in confined areas.
Hydraulic pipeline pressure increases dramatically, significantly raising the probability of rupture, potentially causing personnel injury or equipment downtime.
If operating on steep slopes (e.g., exceeding 9°), power imbalance may cause the equipment to slide uncontrollably.
III. Actual Construction Efficiency Decreases
While it may seem to increase the intensity of a single compaction pass, excessive soil compaction leads to uneven base layer density, negatively impacting overall compaction quality.
Frequent equipment overheating and shutdowns shorten maintenance intervals, reducing effective working time and hindering overall progress.
Long-term overload operation significantly shortens equipment lifespan, increasing maintenance costs and downtime losses.
IV. Violation of Safe Operating Procedures
According to industry regulations, road roller operation should "avoid overloading," and operators must not violate operating procedures by performing high-risk operations. Overloading not only violates construction safety management requirements but may also result in liability in the event of an accident.
