Daily maintenance of excavator
The purpose of regular maintenance of excavators is to reduce machine failures and prolong the service life of the machine; Reduce the downtime of the machine; Improve work efficiency and reduce operation cost. As long as the fuel, lubricating oil, water and air are well managed, 70% of failures can be reduced. In fact, about 70% of failures are caused by poor management.
1. fuel management
Diesel oil of different brands shall be selected according to different ambient temperatures; Diesel oil shall not be mixed with impurities, ash and water, otherwise it will cause premature wear of fuel pump; The high content of paraffin and sulfur in inferior fuel will damage the engine; After daily operation, the fuel tank shall be filled with fuel to prevent water droplets on the inner wall of the tank; Open the drain valve at the bottom of the fuel tank to drain water before daily operation; After the engine runs out of fuel or the filter element is replaced, the air in the pipeline must be exhausted
2. grease management
The use of lubricating oil (grease) can reduce the wear of moving surfaces and prevent noise. The grease shall not be mixed with dust, sand, water and other impurities during storage; The lithium base grease G2-L1 has good anti-wear performance and is suitable for heavy load conditions; When filling, try to squeeze out all the old oil and wipe it clean to prevent sand adhesion.
3. maintenance of filter element
The filter element plays the role of filtering impurities in the oil or gas circuit to prevent them from invading the system and causing faults; Various filter elements shall be replaced regularly according to the requirements of (operation and maintenance manual); When replacing the filter element, check whether there is metal attached to the old filter element. If any metal particles are found, timely diagnose and take improvement measures; Use a pure filter element that meets the requirements of the machine. The filtering capacity of fake and inferior filter elements is poor, and the surface and material quality of the filter layer do not meet the requirements, which will seriously
Affect the normal use of the machine.
4. contents of regular maintenance
① The fuel filter element and additional fuel filter element shall be replaced after the new machine has worked for 250h; Check the engine valve clearance.
② Daily maintenance; Check, clean or replace the air filter element; Clean the inside of the cooling system; Check and tighten the track shoe bolts; Check and adjust the reverse tension of the track; Check the air inlet heater; Replace the bucket teeth; Adjust bucket clearance; Check the front window washer fluid level; Check and adjust the air conditioner; Clean the floor in the cab; Replace the breaker filter element (optional). When cleaning the inside of the cooling system, after the engine is fully cooled, slowly loosen the water injection port cover to release the internal pressure of the water tank, and then drain the water; Do not clean the engine when it is working. The high-speed rotating fan will cause danger; When cleaning or changing the coolant, park the machine on a level ground; Replace the coolant and corrosion protector.
③ Check items before starting the engine. Check the coolant level (add water); Check the engine oil level and add oil; Check the fuel level (refuel); Check the hydraulic oil level (add hydraulic oil); Check whether the air filter element is blocked; Check wires; Check whether the horn is normal; Check the lubrication of the bucket; Check the water separator for water and sediment. ④ Every 100 maintenance items. Boom cylinder head pin shaft; Boom foot pin; Boom cylinder rod end; Stick cylinder head pin shaft; Connecting pin of boom and stick; Stick cylinder rod end; Bucket cylinder head pin shaft; Half rod connecting rod connecting pin; Stick and bucket cylinder rod end; Bucket cylinder head pin shaft; Stick connecting rod connecting pin; Check the oil level in the rotary mechanism box (add oil); Drain water and sediment from the fuel tank.
⑤ Maintenance items every 250h. Check the oil level in the final drive box (add gear oil); inspect
Battery electrolyte; Replace the oil in the engine oil pan and replace the engine filter element; Lubricate slewing ring (2 places); Check the tension of fan belt and air conditioning compressor belt and make adjustment.
⑥ Maintenance items every 500h. Carry out maintenance items every 100 and 250h at the same time; Replace the fuel filter element; Check the grease height of the rotary pinion (add grease); Check and clean radiator fins, oil cooler fins and cooler fins; Replace the hydraulic oil filter element; Replace the oil in the final drive box (only at 500h for the first time, and at 1000h thereafter); Clean the air filter elements inside and outside the air conditioner system; Replace the hydraulic oil vent filter element.
⑦ Maintenance items every 1000h. At the same time, carry out maintenance items every 100, 250 and 500h; Replace the oil in the slewing mechanism box; Check the oil level of the shock absorber housing (return oil); Check all fasteners of turbocharger; Check the clearance of turbocharger rotor; Check and replace the tension of generator belt; Replace the anti-corrosion filter element; Change the oil in the final drive case.
⑧ Maintenance items every 2000h. First complete the maintenance items every 100, 250, 500 and 1000h; Clean the filter screen of hydraulic oil tank; Clean and check the turbocharger; Check the generator and starting motor; Check the engine valve clearance (and adjust it); Check the shock absorber.
⑨ Maintenance for more than 4000H. Increase the inspection of water pump every 4000H; Add hydraulic oil replacement items every 5000h.
⑩ Long term storage. When the machine is stored for a long time, the working device shall be placed on the ground to prevent the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder from rusting; Clean and dry the whole machine and store it in a dry indoor environment; If the machine can only be stored outdoors due to limited conditions, the machine shall be parked on the cement ground with good drainage; Before storage, fill the fuel tank, lubricate all parts, replace the hydraulic oil and engine oil, apply a thin layer of grease on the exposed metal surface of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and remove the negative terminal of the battery,
Or remove the battery and store it separately; Add an appropriate proportion of antifreeze into the cooling water according to the minimum ambient temperature; Start the engine once a month and operate the machine to lubricate all moving parts and charge the battery at the same time; Turn on the air conditioner for refrigeration operation for 5-10min.
