I. Engine System Abnormalities
Black or Blue Smoke: Black smoke indicates incomplete combustion, while blue smoke suggests oil is involved in combustion; both are closely related to overload operation.
Reduced Power, Slow Acceleration: Prolonged high load leads to reduced output power and sluggish equipment response.
Accelerated Oil Deterioration: High temperatures cause oil oxidation and deterioration, resulting in loss of lubrication and protection, potentially leading to serious malfunctions such as cylinder scoring and bearing seizure.
II. Hydraulic System Malfunctions
Hydraulic Oil Temperature Increases by 15–20°C: Oil viscosity decreases, seals age, and the risk of leakage increases.
Slow or Weak Movement: For example, malfunctioning start/stop of the vibratory roller or heavy steering indicates insufficient hydraulic motor output.
Pipeline Leaks or Bursts: Excessive system pressure can cause leaks or even sudden pipe bursts at joints or hoses, posing a safety hazard.
III. Vibration Bearing and Transmission Component Damage
Bearing Noise or Overheating: Overload shortens the lifespan of vibration bearings by 30%–50%, accompanied by "humming" or "clicking" noises during operation.
Loose Eccentric Block or Worn Spline Shaft: Leads to unstable amplitude, machine vibration, affecting compaction effect and equipment balance.
IV. Structural Component Fatigue and Weld Cracks
Microscopic Cracks in Steel Wheel Welds: Accumulated metal fatigue, especially at hub connections and reinforcing rib areas, poses a risk of fracture.
Frame Deformation or Cracks: Failure of the shock absorption device results in direct transmission of impact force, causing structural damage.
V. Other Typical Fault Manifestations
Water Temperature Persistently Exceeds 95°C: The cooling system is overloaded and may trigger automatic shutdown protection.
Frequent Instrument Alarms: The ECU reports fault codes such as P0234 (over-boost pressure) and P0087 (under-fuel pressure).
Increased braking distance and delayed steering: These factors affect operational accuracy and construction safety, especially when working on slopes where the risks are higher.
