1. Check the hydraulic oil color. Normal hydraulic oil is usually pale yellow or pale red, transparent, and odorless. If the hydraulic oil darkens or turns black, it may be due to oxidation or contamination. If it appears milky white, it indicates that water has mixed in, resulting in emulsification. Emulsification reduces the oil's lubricating properties, leading to system instability.
2. Check the hydraulic oil level. Regularly checking the hydraulic oil level in the tank is crucial. A low oil level may cause the hydraulic pump to suck in air, resulting in cavitation, manifested as abnormal noise and reduced efficiency. Insufficient oil level causes the hydraulic oil to circulate too frequently, making heat dissipation difficult and potentially leading to abnormally high oil temperature.
3. Monitor the hydraulic oil temperature. Abnormally high hydraulic oil temperature is a common sign of contamination or system malfunction. Excessive temperature may be due to a safety valve pressure setting that is too low, poor cooling, or insufficient oil volume. If the oil temperature exceeds 60℃ (hot to the touch), the cause should be investigated immediately. 4. Check Oil Filter Condition
The oil filter is a key component in preventing contamination. If the hydraulic oil is cloudy or excessively dirty, it may be due to long-term chemical changes or excessive impurities. A simple testing method: drip an oil sample onto filter paper. If the oil layering is obvious (dirtier in the middle and clearer at the edges), the oil has deteriorated and needs to be replaced; if the oil layer spreads evenly, it indicates excessive impurities, and the filter element needs to be checked or replaced.
5. Comprehensive Judgment and Handling
Contamination Confirmation: If the hydraulic oil is discolored, emulsified, or the filter element is clogged, contamination can be initially determined.
Handling Measures:
Moisture Contamination: Remove bottom water after standing. If emulsification is severe, replace the oil.
Impurity Contamination: Clean or replace the filter element; replace the hydraulic oil if necessary.
Abnormal Temperature: Check the cooling system, oil level, and safety valve pressure.
